在 StoneDB 1.0 版本中，InnoDB 引擎处理 OLTP 的事务型业务，Tianmu 引擎处理 OLAP 的分析型业务。因此，需要在主从复制环境的基础上做读写分离，所有的写操作和部分读操作走 InnoDB 引擎，所有的分析类查询走 Tianmu 引擎。读写分离方案既可以使用第三方中间件，也可以在业务前端实现。本文介绍的是较为常用的中间件 ProxySQL。
服务器配置说明
| IP | Memory | CPU | OS version |
|---|---|---|---|
| 192.168.30.40 | 8G | 8C | CentOS Linux release 7.9 |
| 192.168.30.41 | 8G | 8C | CentOS Linux release 7.9 |
| 192.168.30.42 | 8G | 8C | CentOS Linux release 7.9 |
| 192.168.30.46 | 16G | 16C | CentOS Linux release 7.9 |
注：主从环境中的各个服务器的配置一般情况下建议是一致的，但由于 StoneDB 不管重放 binlog，还是用于 OLAP 场景的查询，都是较消耗系统资源的，建议 StoneDB 配置略高于 MySQL。
主从环境说明
| IP | DATABASE | ROLE | DB version |
|---|---|---|---|
| 192.168.30.40 | MySQL | master | MySQL 5.7 |
| 192.168.30.41 | / | ProxySQL | / |
| 192.168.30.42 | MySQL | slave | MySQL 5.7 |
| 192.168.30.46 | StoneDB | slave | StoneDB 5.7 |
注：MySQL 与 StoneDB 的版本建议保持一致。
架构图说明
推荐采用一主两从的架构，上层的 ProxySQL 用于读写分离：
1）master（192.168.30.40）使用 InnoDB 引擎，可读写，提供 OLTP 场景的读写业务；
2）slave1（192.168.30.42）使用 InnoDB 引擎，只读，同时作为 standby，当 master 发生宕机时，可切换至 slave1，保证业务正常运行；
3）slave2（192.168.30.46）使用 Tianmu 引擎，只读，提供 OLAP 场景的读业务。
1、操作系统环境检查
操作系统环境检查的步骤在四个节点均需要执行。
1.1 关闭防火墙
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
1.2 关闭SELINUX
# vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX = disabled
1.3 设置Swap分区
修改vm.swappiness的值为1，表示尽量不使用Swap。
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.swappiness = 1
1.4 修改操作系统的限制
# ulimit -a
core file size (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority (-e) 0
file size (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals (-i) 1031433
max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64
max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited
open files (-n) 65535
pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200
real-time priority (-r) 0
stack size (kbytes, -s) 10240
cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes (-u) 1024
virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited
file locks (-x) unlimited
修改操作系统的软硬限制
# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
mysql soft nproc 1028056
mysql hard nproc 1028056
1.5 创建用户
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql
# passwd mysql
ProxySQL 节点无需创建，以上步骤执行完之后，重启操作系统。
2、部署MySQL
在 master 节点和 slave1 节点安装 MySQL。
2.1 下载安装包
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
从官网下载 MySQL 5.7 的安装包。
2.2 卸载mariadb
# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
# yum remove mariadb*
# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
2.3 上传tar包并解压
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
# cd /usr/local/
# mv mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
2.4 创建目录
# mkdir -p /mysql/data/
# mkdir -p /mysql/log
# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/
2.5 配置参数文件 my.cnf
master
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /mysql/data/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /mysql/data
socket = /mysql/data/mysql.sock
pid_file = /mysql/data/mysqld.pid
log_error = /mysql/log/mysqld.log
log_bin = /mysql/log/mybinlog
server_id = 40
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
max_connections = 1000
binlog_format = row
default_storage_engine = innodb
read_only=0
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4096000000
innodb_log_file_size = 1024000000
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
#开启GTID模式
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
#并行复制
binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking = WRITESET
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64
slave1
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /mysql/data/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /mysql/data
socket = /mysql/data/mysql.sock
pid_file = /mysql/data/mysqld.pid
log_error = /mysql/log/mysqld.log
log_bin = /mysql/log/mybinlog
server_id = 42
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
max_connections = 1000
binlog_format = row
default_storage_engine = innodb
read_only=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4096000000
innodb_log_file_size = 1024000000
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
#开启GTID模式
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
#并行复制
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave_parallel_workers = 4
2.6 初始化实例
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
2.7 启动实例
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql &
注：管理员用户的临时密码在 mysqld.log 中，第一次登陆后需要修改管理员用户的密码。
3、部署StoneDB
3.1 下载安装包
https://stonedb.io/zh/docs/download/
从官网下载 StoneDB 5.7 的安装包。
3.2 上传tar包并解压
# cd /
# tar -zxvf stonedb-ce-5.7-v1.0.0.el7.x86_64.tar.gz
用户可根据安装规范将安装包上传至服务器，解压出来的目录是 stonedb57，示例中的安装路径是 /stonedb57。
3.3 检查依赖文件
# cd /stonedb57/install/bin
# ldd mysqld
# ldd mysql
如果检查返回有关键字"not found"，说明缺少文件，需要安装对应的依赖包。例如：
libsnappy.so.1 => not found
在 Ubuntu 上使用命令 "sudo apt search libsnappy" 检查，说明需要安装 libsnappy-dev。在 RedHat 或者 CentOS 上使用命令 "yum search all snappy" 检查，说明需要安装 snappy-devel、snappy。
3.4 创建目录
mkdir -p /stonedb57/install/data
mkdir -p /stonedb57/install/binlog
mkdir -p /stonedb57/install/log
mkdir -p /stonedb57/install/tmp
mkdir -p /stonedb57/install/redolog
mkdir -p /stonedb57/install/undolog
chown -R mysql:mysql /stonedb57
3.5 配置参数文件 my.cnf
# vim /stonedb57/install/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /stonedb57/install/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir = /stonedb57/install/
datadir = /stonedb57/install/data
socket = /stonedb57/install/tmp/mysql.sock
pid_file = /stonedb57/install/data/mysqld.pid
log_error = /stonedb57/install/log/mysqld.log
log_bin = /stonedb57/install/binlog/binlog
server_id = 46
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
max_connections = 1000
binlog_format = row
default_storage_engine = tianmu
read_only=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048000000
innodb_log_file_size = 1024000000
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /stonedb57/install/redolog/
innodb_undo_directory = /stonedb57/install/undolog/
innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3
innodb_undo_logs = 128
#开启GTID模式
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
#并行复制
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave_parallel_workers = 8
3.6 初始化实例
/stonedb57/install/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/stonedb57/install/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
3.7 启动实例
/stonedb57/install/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/stonedb57/install/my.cnf --user=mysql &
注：管理员用户的临时密码在 mysqld.log 中，第一次登陆后需要修改管理员用户的密码。
4、配置主从
4.1 创建复制用户
create user 'repl'@'%' identified by 'mysql123';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'%';
4.2 备份主库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 --single-transaction --set-gtid-purged=on -B aa > /tmp/aa.sql
4.3 传输备份文件
scp /tmp/aa.sql root@192.168.30.42:/tmp
scp /tmp/aa.sql root@192.168.30.43:/tmp
注：如果数据较大，建议使用 mydumper.
4.4 slave1节点
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmysql123 -S /mysqldb/data/mysql.sock
source /tmp/aa.sql
注：恢复前需要确保 gtid_executed 为空。
4.5 slave2节点
在恢复前，需要修改存储引擎，注释锁表语句。
sed -i 's/UNLOCK TABLES/-- UNLOCK TABLES/g' /tmp/aa.sql
sed -i 's/LOCK TABLES `/-- LOCK TABLES `/g' /tmp/aa.sql
sed -i 's/ENGINE=InnoDB/ENGINE=tianmu/g' /tmp/aa.sql
/stonedb57/install/bin/mysql -uroot -pmysql123 -S /stonedb57/install/tmp/mysql.sock
source /tmp/aa.sql
注：恢复前需要确保 gtid_executed 为空。
4.6 建立主从复制
slave1节点
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.30.40',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql123',
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
start slave;
show slave status\G
slave2节点
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.30.40',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql123',
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
start slave;
show slave status\G
5、配置ProxySQL
5.1 安装ProxySQL
# mkdir -p /home/ProxySQL
# cd /home/ProxySQL
# yum install proxysql-2.2.0-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -qa|grep proxysql
# rpm -ql proxysql
注：/etc/proxysql.cnf 为 ProxySQL 的配置文件。
5.2 启动ProxySQL
# systemctl start proxysql
# netstat -lntp|grep proxysql
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6032 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17957/proxysql
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6033 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17957/proxysql
注：6032是管理端口，6033是服务端口。
5.3 管理员登录ProxySQL
# mysql -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0.1 -P6032 --prompt='ProxySQL>'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.30 (ProxySQL Admin Module)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
ProxySQL>show databases;
+-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
| seq | name | file |
+-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
| 0 | main | |
| 2 | disk | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql.db |
| 3 | stats | |
| 4 | monitor | |
| 5 | stats_history | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql_stats.db |
+-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
注：ProxySQL 的用户名和密码默认都是 admin，加参数 prompt 是为了便于区分环境。
5.4 创建ProxySQL所需用户
在 master 上创建 ProxySQL 的监控用户和对外访问用户，其中监控用户只需要有 replication client 权限即可。
###监控用户
create user 'monitor'@'%' identified by 'MySQL_123';
grant replication client on *.* to 'monitor'@'%';
###对外访问用户（用于连接ProxySQL）
create user 'proxysql'@'%' identified by 'MySQL_123';
grant select,delete,update,insert on *.* to 'proxysql'@'%';
5.5 配置ProxySQL主从分组信息
1）创建分组
表 mysql_replication_hostgroups 的字段 writer_hostgroup、reader_hostgroup 分别代表写组和读组，都要大于0且不能相同，该环境中定义写组为10，读组为20。
ProxySQL 会根据 read_only 的取值将 server 进行分组，read_only=0为 master，被分到编号为10的写组，read_only=1为 slave，被分到编号为20的读组。
###创建分组
insert into mysql_replication_hostgroups(writer_hostgroup,reader_hostgroup,comment) values(10,20,'proxy');
load mysql servers to runtime;
save mysql servers to disk;
###查看三层配置系统是否都写入数据
ProxySQL>select * from mysql_replication_hostgroups;
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | check_type | comment |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| 10 | 20 | read_only | proxy |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ProxySQL>select * from runtime_mysql_replication_hostgroups;
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | check_type | comment |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| 10 | 20 | read_only | proxy |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ProxySQL>select * from mysql_replication_hostgroups;
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | check_type | comment |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| 10 | 20 | read_only | proxy |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2）添加主从节点
insert into mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(10,'192.168.30.40',3306);
insert into mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(20,'192.168.30.46',3306);
load mysql servers to runtime;
save mysql servers to disk;
###查看状态
ProxySQL>select * from mysql_servers;
+--------------+---------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+---------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 20 | 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+---------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3）为ProxySQL创建监控用户
###创建监控用户（在ProxySQL创建）
set mysql-monitor_username='monitor';
set mysql-monitor_password='MySQL_123';
load mysql variables to runtime;
save mysql variables to disk;
###对连接用户监控
ProxySQL>select * from monitor.mysql_server_connect_log;
+---------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| hostname | port | time_start_us | connect_success_time_us | connect_error |
+---------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183920198998 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183920926981 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183970671663 | 1616 | NULL |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183971672625 | 2089 | NULL |
+---------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
注：在没有创建监控用户前，会有很多的connect_error，这是因为没有配置监控信息时的错误，配置后如果connect_error的结果为NULL，则表示正常。
###对心跳信息的监控
ProxySQL>select * from mysql_server_ping_log limit 10;
+---------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| hostname | port | time_start_us | ping_success_time_us | ping_error |
+---------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183880229349 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183880427787 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183890229405 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183890336793 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183900229529 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183900357491 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183910229710 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183910406115 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183920229740 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183920346638 | 0 | Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
+---------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
###对read_only值监控
ProxySQL>select * from mysql_server_read_only_log limit 10;
+---------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| hostname | port | time_start_us | success_time_us | read_only | error |
+---------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183876942878 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183876961694 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183878441697 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183878461063 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183879941587 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183879961993 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183881441750 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183881461890 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.40 | 3306 | 1664183882942044 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.30.41' (using password: YES) |
| 192.168.30.46 | 3306 | 1664183882958866 | 0 | NULL | timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'HAMI02' (using password: YES) |
+---------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
注：monitor就会开始监控后端的read_only值，然后按照read_only的值将某些节点自动移到读写组。
4）为ProxySQL配置对外访问用户
insert into mysql_users(username,password,default_hostgroup) values('proxysql','MySQL_123',10);
insert into mysql_users(username,password,default_hostgroup) values('proxysql2','*0815E74A768849A6CCF0E9C1C5B940FB4D9F839E',20);
load mysql users to runtime;
save mysql users to disk;
ProxySQL>select * from mysql_users\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
username: proxysql
password: MySQL_123
active: 1
use_ssl: 0
default_hostgroup: 10
default_schema: NULL
schema_locked: 0
transaction_persistent: 1
fast_forward: 0
backend: 1
frontend: 1
max_connections: 10000
attributes:
comment:
*************************** 2. row ***************************
username: proxysql2
password: *0815E74A768849A6CCF0E9C1C5B940FB4D9F839E
active: 1
use_ssl: 0
default_hostgroup: 20
default_schema: NULL
schema_locked: 0
transaction_persistent: 1
fast_forward: 0
backend: 1
frontend: 1
max_connections: 10000
attributes:
comment:
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql_users 表最主要的三个字段 username、password、default_hostgroup 解释。
username：前端连接 ProxySQL 的数据库用户
password：用户对应的密码，即可以是明文密码，也可以是 hash 密码，如果想使用 hash 密码，可以先在某个节点上执行 select password('password')，然后将加密结果复制到该字段。
default_hostgroup：用户默认的路由目标，例如：若用户 proxysql2 是个只读用户，则该字段值可以设置为20，表示所有的SQL语句默认情况下将路由到 hostgroup_id=20 的组；若用户不是只读用户，则该字段必须设置为10，表示 DML 语句会路由到 hostgroup_id=10 的组，查询语句即会路由到 hostgroup_id=10 的组，也会路由到 hostgroup_id=20 的组。
5.6 配置读写分离策略
ProxySQL 的路由规则配置比较灵活，可以基于用户级别，数据库级别等。由于 StoneDB 提供的是 OLAP 分析型查询业务场景，建议将聚合类查询、即席查询、复杂查询等分发到 StoneDB。由于只是测试，因此只配置了几个简单的路由规则。
与查询规则有关的表有两个：mysql_query_rules 和 mysql_query_rules_fast_routing，表mysql_query_rules_fast_routing 是 mysql_query_rules 的扩展，并在以后评估快速路由策略和属性（仅在ProxySQL 1.4.7+中可用）。
mysql_query_rules 表的几个字段解释。
active：是否启用这个规则，1表示启用，0表示禁用
match_pattern：设置规则
destination_hostgroup：默认指定的分组
apply：真正执行应用规则
###创建规则
这里我创建两个规则：
1）把所有以select开头的语句分配到编号为20的读组中；
2）把select...for update语句分配到编号为10的写组中，其他所有操作都会默认路由到写组。
insert into mysql_query_rules(rule_id,active,match_pattern,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(1,1,'^select.*for update$',10,1);
insert into mysql_query_rules(rule_id,active,match_pattern,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(2,1,'^select',20,1);
insert into mysql_query_rules(rule_id,active,match_pattern,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(3,1,'^select*sum',20,1);
load mysql query rules to runtime;
save mysql query rules to disk;
###查看规则
ProxySQL>select * from mysql_query_rules\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
rule_id: 1
active: 1
username: NULL
schemaname: NULL
flagIN: 0
client_addr: NULL
proxy_addr: NULL
proxy_port: NULL
digest: NULL
match_digest: NULL
match_pattern: ^select.*for update$
negate_match_pattern: 0
re_modifiers: CASELESS
flagOUT: NULL
replace_pattern: NULL
destination_hostgroup: 10
cache_ttl: NULL
cache_empty_result: NULL
cache_timeout: NULL
reconnect: NULL
timeout: NULL
retries: NULL
delay: NULL
next_query_flagIN: NULL
mirror_flagOUT: NULL
mirror_hostgroup: NULL
error_msg: NULL
OK_msg: NULL
sticky_conn: NULL
multiplex: NULL
gtid_from_hostgroup: NULL
log: NULL
apply: 1
attributes:
comment: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
rule_id: 2
active: 1
username: NULL
schemaname: NULL
flagIN: 0
client_addr: NULL
proxy_addr: NULL
proxy_port: NULL
digest: NULL
match_digest: NULL
match_pattern: ^select
negate_match_pattern: 0
re_modifiers: CASELESS
flagOUT: NULL
replace_pattern: NULL
destination_hostgroup: 20
cache_ttl: NULL
cache_empty_result: NULL
cache_timeout: NULL
reconnect: NULL
timeout: NULL
retries: NULL
delay: NULL
next_query_flagIN: NULL
mirror_flagOUT: NULL
mirror_hostgroup: NULL
error_msg: NULL
OK_msg: NULL
sticky_conn: NULL
multiplex: NULL
gtid_from_hostgroup: NULL
log: NULL
apply: 1
attributes:
comment: NULL
*************************** 3. row ***************************
rule_id: 3
active: 1
username: NULL
schemaname: NULL
flagIN: 0
client_addr: NULL
proxy_addr: NULL
proxy_port: NULL
digest: NULL
match_digest: NULL
match_pattern: ^select*sum
negate_match_pattern: 0
re_modifiers: CASELESS
flagOUT: NULL
replace_pattern: NULL
destination_hostgroup: 20
cache_ttl: NULL
cache_empty_result: NULL
cache_timeout: NULL
reconnect: NULL
timeout: NULL
retries: NULL
delay: NULL
next_query_flagIN: NULL
mirror_flagOUT: NULL
mirror_hostgroup: NULL
error_msg: NULL
OK_msg: NULL
sticky_conn: NULL
multiplex: NULL
gtid_from_hostgroup: NULL
log: NULL
apply: 1
attributes:
comment: NULL
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
注：select...for update 规则的 rule_id 必须要小于普通的 select 规则的 rule_id，因为 ProxySQL 是根据 rule_id的顺序进行规则匹配的。
5.7 读写分离测试
1）读操作
# mysql -uproxysql -pMySQL_123 -h127.0.0.1 -P6033
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.30 (ProxySQL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
proxysql@HAMI02 17:21: [(none)]> select sum(money) from aa.ttt;
+------------+
| sum(money) |
+------------+
| 88888.8 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
proxysql@HAMI02 17:21: [(none)]> select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 46 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2）写操作
# mysql -uproxysql -pMySQL_123 -h127.0.0.1 -P6033
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 19
Server version: 5.5.30 (ProxySQL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
proxysql@HAMI02 19:53: [(none)]> begin;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
proxysql@HAMI02 19:54: [(none)]> insert into aa.t1 values(7);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
proxysql@HAMI02 19:54: [(none)]> select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 40 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6、建议项
1）建议设置为 GTID 模式，好处是从库发生 crash 后，不需要去找位点，系统会自动拉起复制线程；
2）在从库的并行 worker 相同的情况下，从库 StoneDB 相比从库 InnoDB 会消耗更多的CPU资源，如果未来上生产环境，建议 StoneDB 的配置略比 InnoDB 的配置高；
3）若从库 StoneDB 的延迟较高，可临时关闭参数 tianmu_enable_rowstore，待追上主库后再开启参数。关闭该参数带来的风险是如果在同步过程中 StoneDB 发生重启，重启后会出现丢数据的情况；
4）建议将聚合类查询、即席查询、复杂查询等分发到 StoneDB。
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